Stepper motors are good for robots, CNC, automation and to move very exact. Transistor Based Stepper Motor Drive Circuit run unipolar motor with logic gates and transistors. It use four 2N2222 to control motor windings, two NOT gates, one XOR gate and to read 2-bit control to turn ON 4 windings. Circuit needs parts like […]
Relay Connections at the Collector and Emitter Sides of a Transistor: Which is Better?
Relays are very important in electric circuit for switching ON/OFF. They control big power load using small signal which is very useful. Transistors are often used to control relay for better switching and for less power loss. Relay coil can be ON transistor collector side or emitter side. Choice changes how circuit works with each […]
Temperature Based DC Fan Controller Circuit using Transistors
Temperature Based DC Fan Controller Circuit using Transistors turns ON when hot, stops overheating and saves energy. Thermistor checks temperature and runs fan as needed. The circuit works on 12V battery or 12V power supply. Circuit Working: Parts List: Component Type Value Quantity Resistors (All resistors are 1/4 watt unless specified) 1.5k 1 1k 1 […]
Controlling a DC Motors Direction Circuit with IC 555 Timer
Controlling a DC Motors Direction Circuit with IC 555 Timer is easy to try. Circuit is good for automation, robotics, devices needing forward and backward move. Circuit has 555 timer, transistor, DPDT relay to change direction. Simple design is easy to build and works in both directions. 555 timer make astable output to control relay […]
IC CD 4093 Based PWM DC Motor Controller Circuit
IC CD 4093 Based PWM DC Motor Controller Circuit control motor speed and save power. Change PWM duty cycle to adjust motor speed by changing voltage. Circuit use CD 4093 NAND Schmitt trigger and MOSFET for smooth running. Use 12V power supply and 5A for this circuit. Circuit Working: Parts List: Component Specification Quantity Resistors […]
Motor Speed Regulator Circuit for PCB Drills
This tutorial is about Motor Speed Regulator Circuit for PCB Drills It control speed for clean and accurate holes. Main part of the circuit is LM3578 IC with feedback and 1V reference. It also has oscillator. LM3578 and IRF540 MOSFET adjust motor speed. They give smooth, adjustable speed for small PCB drills. Supply is from […]