A Simple Adjustable Frequency Square Wave Generator Circuit provides an easy and flexible solution for signal processing, modulation and many electronic projects. Here we see variable frequency oscillator using 555 timer IC which makes square waves and where user can change frequency; also 555 works in astable mode and turning potentiometer changes output speed. Circuit […]
Simple Sawtooth Wave Generator Circuit
A Simple Sawtooth Wave Generator Circuit finds applications in oscilloscopes, TVs, function generators and PWM systems. IC 555 is very common and is easy to make sawtooth and voltage goes up slow and drop fast in sawtooth shape. Also, frequency changes with potentiometer and circuit works with 5V to 15V. Circuit Working: Parts List: Components […]
6V DC Motor Speed Controller Circuit using IC CD 40106
This 6V DC Motor Speed Controller Circuit using IC CD 40106 controls 6V DC motor speed, also change speed by change in duty cycle of input voltage. Circuit is cheap, easy, good for toy motor, small fan and blower and main part of this circuit is IC CD 40106 Schmitt trigger inverter which makes PWM […]
Transistor Based Stepper Motor Drive Circuit
Stepper motors are good for robots, CNC, automation and to move very exact. Transistor Based Stepper Motor Drive Circuit run unipolar motor with logic gates and transistors and it use four 2N2222 to control motor windings, two NOT gates, one XOR gate and to read 2-bit control to turn ON 4 windings. Also, circuit needs […]
Relay Collector vs Emitter Connection: Which Is Better?
Relays are very important in electric circuit for switching ON/OFF, as they control big power load using small signal which is very useful. Also, engineers often use transistors to control relays for better switching and lower power loss, they can connect the relay coil to either the collector side or the emitter side of the […]
Temperature Based DC Fan Controller Circuit using Transistors
Temperature Based DC Fan Controller Circuit using Transistors turns ON when hot, stops overheating and saves energy, then thermistor checks temperature and runs fan as needed. Also, the circuit works on 12V battery or 12V power supply. Circuit Working: Parts List: Components Values Quantity Resistors (All resistors are 1/4 watt unless specified) 1.5k 1 1k […]