If you have a single AA battery 1.5V but your gadget needs more power 10V to work.
A 1.5V to 10V boost converter circuit is like a mini power station.
It takes the weak 1.5V from the battery and turns it into a stronger 10V, making your gadget happy.
These circuits are handy for electronics that need more power than what batteries or other sources can provide.
Circuit Working:
Parts List:
| Category | Component | Quantity | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resistors | 33k | 1 | 1/4 watt |
| 100Ω | 1 | 1/4 watt | |
| 2.2k | 1 | 1/4 watt | |
| 100k | 1 | 1/4 watt | |
| 5.6k | 1 | 1/4 watt | |
| 1k | 1 | 1/4 watt | |
| Potentiometer | 10k | 1 | |
| Capacitors | Ceramic 330pF | 1 | |
| Electrolytic 100µF | 1 | 25V | |
| Semiconductors | Transistors BC547 | 2 | |
| Transistors BC557 | 1 | ||
| Transistors BC337 | 1 | ||
| Other Components | Coil 70 turns | 1 | 0.25mm on 10mH choke |
| Diode 1N4148 | 1 | ||
| LED 5mm, 20mA | 1 | ||
| ON/OFF switch | 1 | ||
| Battery 1.5V-4.5V | 1 |
This ingenious circuit is designed to convert a 1.5V input to a 10V output making it a cost effective alternative to using expensive 9V batteries.
Additionally, it provides a 5V supply for microcontroller projects.
The circuits standout feature is its voltage regulating section which reduces current to less than 8mA when no current is being drawn from the output.
With a 470Ω load at 10V the output current is 20mA with a voltage drop of less than 10mV.
The potentiometer allows the output voltage to be adjusted from 5.3V to 10V.
The circuit initiates when the 100k resistor activates the BC547 subsequently turning on the BC557 via the 33k resistor.
This, in turn switches on the BC337 through the 100Ω resistor.
The current limiting resistors decrease in value as the transistor current increases allowing higher currents to pass through.
Current flowing through the collector emitter of the BC337 induces current flow through the inductor creating expanding flux that opposes the incoming voltage resulting in minimal current flow.
As the voltage on the collector decreases the BC557 is further activated by the 330pF capacitor.
This cycle continues until the BC337 is fully activated at which point the 330pF capacitor charges further reducing the base current in the BC557 and causing it to start turning off.
This action gradually turns off the BC337 until both transistors are fully deactivated.
With the BC337 effectively removed from the circuit the current flow through the inductor stops increasing and the magnetic flux collapses producing a high voltage in the opposite direction to the applied voltage.
This voltage is added to the supply voltage and can reach up to 100V or more but with a very small current.
This energy is then transferred to the 100uF capacitor which charges until its voltage reaches 10V.
At this point, the third transistor is slightly deactivated ensuring stable 10V output.
Formulas and Calculations:
When designing a boost converter circuit, the right parts are usually chosen based on requirements for current, efficiency, input and output voltage ranges, and other desirable characteristics.
The following is a simple formula and design guideline for a circuit including a 1.5V to 10V boost converter:
Calculate Duty Cycle D:
The boost converters duty cycle D may be found by dividing the output voltage Vout by the total of the input and output voltages Vin and Vout.
D = Vout / Vin+Vout
here in our circuit,
D = 10V / 1.5V + 10V = 0.8696
Get Inductor Value L:
The following formula may be used to get the inductance value:
L ≥ (Vin−Vout) * Vout / f * ΔI
where,
- The minimal input voltage Vin is 1.5V.
- The output voltage is represented by Vout 10V.
- The frequency of switching is f.
- Peak to peak inductor current ripple is represented by ΔI.
Values of ΔI typically range from 10% to 30% of the average output current.
Remember:
The components listed above will typically be configured in a boost converter circuit design in order to perform the voltage boosting capability while maintaining stability and efficiency.
Remember that depending on your precise needs and the capabilities of the components you select, the actual component values and particular design elements may change.
To get the desired performance, it is advised to simulate the circuit and make design revisions.
How to Build:
To build a 1.5V To 10V Boost Converter Circuit you need to follow the below mentioned steps for connections:
Connect the Transistors:
- Connect the emitter of Q3 BC547 to ground.
- Connect the base of Q3 BC547 to a 100k resistor, and the other end of the resistor to the positive terminal of the power source 1.5V.
- Connect the collector of Q3 BC547 to the base of Q1 BC557.
- Connect the emitter of Q1 BC557 to positive supply.
- Connect the base of Q1 BC557 to a 33k resistor and the other end of the resistor to the collector of Q3 BC547.
Connect the BC337 Transistor:
- Connect the collector of Q1 BC557 to a 100Ω resistor and the other end of the resistor to the base of Q2 BC337.
- Connect the emitter of Q2 BC337 to ground.
- Connect the collector of Q2 BC337 to one terminal of the inductor.
Voltage Regulation Section:
- Connect the other terminal of the inductor to the anode of a diode.
- Connect the cathode of the diode to a 100μF capacitor.
- Connect the other terminal of the capacitor to the positive terminal of the power source.
Potentiometer and Output:
- Connect a 10k pot to the output of the circuit.
- Connect one end of the potentiometer to the positive terminal of the power source.
- Connect the other end of the potentiometer to the LED.
Finalizing Connections:
- Ensure all grounds are connected together.
- Connect the collector of Q1 BC557 to the collector of Q2 BC337 via a 330pF capacitor.
- Power the circuit with 1.5V and adjust the potentiometer to obtain the desired output voltage between 5.3V and 10V.
Important Notes:
- Double check all connections and component orientations before applying power.
- Use appropriate precautions when working with electronic circuits especially when dealing with high voltages or currents.
- This circuit description is based on the provided information and may require adjustments based on actual component characteristics and circuit performance.
Conclusion:
A 1.5V to 10V boost converter circuit efficiently increases a low input voltage to a higher output voltage using components like an inductor, diode, capacitor and transistor.
This circuit is valuable in various applications where a higher voltage than the power source is required making it a crucial element in many electronic devices and projects.
References:
How does this 4-transistor DC-DC 1.5V to 9V boost converter work?