Phones, headphones and other devices are among the many devices we use in our daily basis.
Are they battery operated?
Actually they require charging.
Although many chargers are available in market but here is how to make a simple USB charger on our own.
What is a USB Battery Charger Circuit:
A USB battery charger circuit is an electronic device that uses power from a USB (Universal Serial Bus) connector to charge rechargeable batteries.
These circuits are often found in many portable electronic devices such as cameras, tablets, cellphones and other devices that run on rechargeable batteries.
They are designed as Small, effective and fully functional with the standard USB interface and are suitable for charging devices from a range of power source such as power banks, USB wall chargers and PCs.
Circuit Diagram:
Parts List:
| Component | Description | Quantity |
|---|---|---|
| Resistors (all 1/4 watt) | ||
| 1k | 1 | |
| 560Ω | 1 | |
| Capacitors | ||
| Electrolytic 100µF | 16V | 2 |
| Semiconductors | ||
| Zener Diode | 4.7V 400mW | 1 |
| Rectifier Diode | 1N4007 | 1 |
| Transistor | TIP35C | 1 |
| LEDs | ||
| Red LED | 5mm 20mA | 1 |
How to Build:
- Gather all the mentioned circuit parts as per the above diagram
- The circuit operates by using the USB ports power source to charge a rechargeable battery.
- Connect the positive terminal of the USB port to the anode of the Zener diode ZD.
- Connect the cathode of the Zener diode to the base terminal of the switching transistor TIP35.
- Connect the collector of the transistor to the positive terminal of the rechargeable battery.
- Join the emitter of the transistor to the ground terminal of the USB port.
- Add resistors R1 and R2 for controlling current at voltage levels.
Calculate Zener Diode Voltage (Vz):
- Select a Zener diode whose voltage rating matches to the features and needs of the mobile battery you choose to charge in order to ensure the best possible charging.
Formulas:
Below mentioned are the formulas for Simple USB Battery Charger Circuit:
Vz = Vbattery + Vdrop
where:
- Vz is the Zener diode voltage.
- Vbattery is the desired battery voltage.
- Vdrop is the voltage drop across the diode.
Working Explanation:
- The power supply receives a DC bias from the USB port.
- Based on the selected Zener diode voltage Vz the Zener diode ZD controls the voltage.
- For charging the battery the output pin offers a regulated power source of about 4.7V.
- To start the charging process connect your smartphone or other electronic item to the circuit.
Application and Uses:
This Simple USB Battery Charger Circuit is designed for the purpose of charging various electronic equipment, devices and gadgets including mobile phones with ease and efficiency.
It harnesses the power of the USB port reducing the need for additional charging equipment and enhancing user convenience.
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