Simple 14V SMPS Circuit

I built a new power supply that can give out 14V at 1 amp.

It is flexible and can be used for many things.

I use it to give extra juice to some electronic parts.

This new design is very similar to a power supply I made before 3.3V at 2.5 amps, so I wont explain how it works in detail here.

But I will give you instructions on how to build this 14V 1A power supply, including what parts you need and how to figure out their values.

Building a switching power supply can be tricky, so it is important to follow the instructions carefully to make sure it is safe and works properly.

What is a 14V SMPS Circuit:

A 14V SMPS Switched Mode Power Supply circuit is designed to generate a stable and regulated output voltage of 14 volts.

SMPS circuits are commonly used in various electronic applications where efficient power conversion is required, such as powering electronic devices, LED lighting systems or providing a stable power source for other circuits.

Circuit Diagram

Materials and Components:

Construction:

Determine the desired output voltage range 8 to 18V and calculate the resistance value for R1 using ohms law:

R = V / I

Transformer Winding:

• Wind the first half of the primary turns 27 turns on the ferrite core using the specified wire diameter.
• Apply at least 8 layers of insulating tape.
• Wind the secondary winding, using insulated wire for safety.
• Add another 8 layers of insulating tape.
• Wind the auxiliary winding 4 turns using the same wire as the primary.
• Apply another insulating layer.
• Wind the remaining 27 turns of the primary.
• Add a few more layers of insulation.

Create an Air Gap:

• Between the halves of the core, place a layer of insulating tape or two layers of paper to form an air gap of about 0.2 mm.

Core Assembly:

• Carefully glue the core halves together ensuring a secure bond.

PCB Layout:

• Design the PCB layout to accommodate the primary and secondary sides of the transformer, ensuring proper separation.
• Place and solder components, including resistors, capacitors, diodes and MOSFET/IGBT half bridge drivers, following the circuit diagram.

Connect Transformer:

• Connect the transformer to the PCB, ensuring proper alignment of primary and secondary windings.

Test and Adjust:

• Power up the circuit and measure the output voltage.
• Adjust R1 to achieve the desired output voltage within the specified range.

Safety Checks:

• Ensure all components are securely soldered and connected.
• Double check for any short circuits or loose connections.
• Verify that the power supply operates within the recommended voltage range 80 to 250V AC or 80 to 350V DC.

Final Enclosure:

• If desired, enclose the circuit in a suitable case for safety and protection.

Formulas:

Similar to the 3.3V instance, there are more complicated calculations and formulas involved in creating a secure and effective 14V SMPS circuit.

Here are a few basic formula for a basic understanding:

Duty Cycle D:

This calculates the switching elements on time to off time ratio, much like the 3.3V situation.

D = V_out / V_in

where:

• Vout is desired output voltage 14V
• Vin is input voltage is 100V to 240V.

Output Resistor R:

Once more, this is for preliminary testing and present limitation.

R = V_out / I_out

where:

• Vout is desired output voltage 14V
• Iout is desired output current 14V 1A

Important Safety Considerations:

• Follow safety guidelines for working with high voltage circuits.
• Use appropriate safety gear such as insulated tools.
• Test the circuit in a controlled environment, and be cautious of potential hazards.
• Always prioritize safety during the construction and testing phases.

Conclusion:

A controlled 14V output from a higher voltage source can be produced using a simple 14V SMPS circuit.

Although there are simple formulas for choosing the first few components of a circuit, more complex information and concerns such as inductor selection, feedback loops and thermal management are needed when creating a safe and effective circuit.