Simple 14V SMPS Circuit

This article shows about a power supply with a 14V 1 amp output.

It is flexible and has a wide range of uses.

The circuit gives some electronic components more life.

I wont go into much detail about how this new design operates because it is very similar to a power supply I had previously developed that was 3.3V at 2.5 amps.

However, this circuit will take you through the process of building 14V 1A power supply including what components are needed and how to calculate their values.

Because building a switching power supply is challenging and is essential that one carefully follows the directions to ensure both safety and proper operation.

What is a 14V SMPS Circuit:

A 14V SMPS Switched Mode Power Supply circuit is made to generate a 14 volt output voltage that is constant and regulated.

In most electronic applications where efficient power conversion is required such as powering electronic devices, LED lighting systems or supplying a consistent power source for other circuits, SMPS circuits are usually implemented.

Circuit Diagram:

Parts List:

How to Build:

By using ohms law calculate the resistance value for R1 and the required output voltage range which should be between 8 and 18V:

R = V / I

Transformer Winding:

• Wind the first half of the primary turns 27 turns on the ferrite core using the specified wire diameter.
• Apply at least 8 layers of insulating tape.
• Wind the secondary winding using insulated wire for safety.
• Add another 8 layers of insulating tape.
• Wind the auxiliary winding 4 turns using the same wire as the primary.
• Apply another insulating layer.
• Wind the remaining 27 turns of the primary.
• Add a few more layers of insulation.

Create an Air Gap:

• Place two layers of paper or insulating tape between the cores two sides to create a 0.2 mm air gap.

Core Assembly:

• The core halves should be carefully joined together to guarantee a strong bond.

PCB Layout:

• If you want to ensure adequate separation design the PCB construction to fit the transformers primary and secondary sides.
• Solder resistors, capacitors, diodes and MOSFET/IGBT half bridge drivers in line with the circuit schematic.

Connect Transformer:

• Ensure that the primary and secondary windings align correctly when connecting the transformer to the PCB.

Test and Adjust:

• After turning ON the circuit check the output voltage.
• To get the desired output voltage within the given range adjust R1.

Safety Checks:

• Make sure every part is connected and soldered properly.
• confirm again for any loose connections or short circuits.
• Make sure that the power source runs within the 80–250V AC or 80–350V DC as recommended voltage range.

Final Enclosure:

• If needed for safety and security enclose the circuit in a suitable situation.

Formulas:

The process of designing a safe and efficient 14V SMPS circuit involves harder calculations and formulas much like the 3.3V example.

The following simple formulas provide a basic understanding:

Duty Cycle D:

In the same way as in the 3.3V case, this controls the switching elements on time to off time ratio.

D = V_out / V_in

where:

• Vout is desired output voltage of 14V
• Vin is input voltage of about 100V to 240V.

Output Resistor R:

This is another chance for current limitations and preliminary testing.

R = V_out / I_out

where:

• Vout is desired output voltage of 14V
• Iout is desired output current of 14V 1A

Important Safety Considerations:

• When working with high-voltage circuit follow by the safety regulations.
• Wear safety equipment such as insulated tools.
• Stay aware of potential risks and test the circuit in a controlled setting.
• Safety should always come first during building and testing stages.

Conclusion:

With a simple 14V SMPS circuit an adjustable 14V output is generated from a higher voltage source.

Even though there are simple formulas for selecting the circuits basic components, a safe and efficient circuit requires deeper information and factors such as feedback loops for inductor selection and temperature management.