Simple Short Circuit Detection and Alert System is very important in power system.
It stop damage when short happen.
Short happen when positive and negative wire get touch.
This make big current flow and can break parts or burn wire.
Circuit uses 2 transistor, buzzer and LED to find and show short.
If there is short then red LED is ON and buzzer sound.
If there is no short then green LED is ON.
Circuit Working:
Parts List:
| Component | Value/Specification | Quantity |
|---|---|---|
| Resistors (All resistors are 1/4 watt unless specified) | 220Ω | 2 |
| 100Ω | 1 | |
| 1k | 1 | |
| 10k | 1 | |
| Semiconductors | Transistor BC547 | 1 |
| Transistor BC557 | 1 | |
| Red LED 5mm 20mA | 1 | |
| Green LED 5mm 20mA | 1 | |
| Buzzer | 1 |
Circuit use Q1 BC547 and Q2 BC557 like sensor and switch.
Also it has resistors, buzzer and 2 LEDs.
If there is no short then Q1 is OFF, Q2 is ON, green LED is ON and red LED and buzzer is OFF.
It there is short then R2 voltage is high, Q1 is ON, Q2 is OFF, green LED is OFF and red LED and buzzer is ON.
Green LED is OK and red LED and buzzer ON means there is short circuit.
How to Build:
To build a Simple Short Circuit Detection and Alert System follow the below mentioned steps:
- Collect all parts from circuit diagram.
- Connect collector of Q1 to base of Q2 with resistor R1.
- Connect base of Q1 between red LED1 and resistor R5 through resistor R2.
- Connect emitter of Q1 to GND.
- Connect emitter of Q2 to +5V.
- Connect base of Q2 to collector of Q1.
- Connect collector of Q2 to GND through resistor R3.
- Connect resistor R4 between emitter of Q2 and one side of buzzer.
- Put resistor R5 in series with buzzer, red LED1 and green LED2 to limit current.
Conclusion:
This Simple Short Circuit Detection and Alert System is easy and useful way to find short circuits in low-voltage system.
It uses BC547 and BC557 transistors to switch between normal and short circuit.
LED gives light alert and buzzer gives sound alert.
It is good for learning, small power supply and DIY electronics which needs protection.
References:
What kinds of short circuit detection circuits are possible?