Simple High Voltage Generator Circuit

You can learn how to construct a unique type of generator that produces extremely high frequency power from this article.

This allows you to conduct experiments which are not easy with standard power supplies.

One benefit of this high frequency electricity is that it is unlikely to shock you if you accidentally touch it because it mainly remains on the humans skins surface.

However, even if you contact the circuit directly you increase the risk of getting burned because it can still get hot.

WARNING: Designing high voltage circuits could prove harmful.

Do this only under the supervision of an experts.

What is a High Voltage Generator Circuit:

A high voltage generator circuit is an electronic circuit designed to produce high voltage level.

These circuits are often used in various applications such as physics experimental , medical equipment, industrial processes and sometimes for specific hobbyist projects.

Usually, voltages that are higher than the usual household voltage of 120V or 230V are referred to as high voltage.

Circuit Diagram:

Parts List:

How to Build:

• To construct a simple oscillator circuit connect the 555 IC.
• The operating frequency should be adjusted using a potentiometer and resistors.
• Connect the MOSFET to the oscillator circuit to allow it to switch properly.
• Add the required filtering components to the power supply section.
• Wire the primary winding to the output of the MOSFET.
• The secondary winding connect to the output.
• Add diodes for providing a unidirectional current flow and for correction.
• Include capacitors and an inductor to smooth and filter the output.

Heat Sink Installation:

• For protection against overheating connect the MOSFET to a heat sink.

Safety Features:

• Be aware about electrical problems by using safety features like fuses and isolation.

Formulas:

The following formulas are important for understanding these circuits:

Transformer Turns Ratio:

V_out = V_in * (N_secondary / N_primary)

where,

• Vout is output voltage
• Vin is input voltage
• Nsecondary is the number of turns in the secondary coil and
• Nprimary is the number of turns in the primary coil.

High voltage generators based on transformers can use these formulas.

It shows how the secondary coils rotation ratio in relation to the primary coil determines how the voltage is increased.

An increase in secondary turns raises the output voltage.

Transformer Winding:

Primary Winding:

• Wrap the ferrite core with six turns of thick insulated wire.

Secondary Winding:

• Place 300 turns of wire with a diameter of 0.4 mm or less onto a solder spool.
• As you arrange the winding be sure that no turns overlap.

Insulation:

• Between winding layers use insulation or plastic strips.
• Use a minimum of two layers of insulation to reach the spools edge.

Spacing and Attachment:

• Give each side of the winding a space of 3 to 4 mm.
• To keep windings from reaching too near the edge of the spool connect them using tape.

Terminal and Transition Placement:

• Coil terminal transitions and outlets should be uniformly placed.
• Maintain a 120 degree gap between layers in a five layer winding.

Testing:

• Slowly turn on the circuit to check its operating properly and to detects its resonance frequency

Monitoring:

• Be sure the power source wont harm any nearby equipment so one should keep a close watch on unusual activities.

Safety Precautions:

• Follow the safety instructions and cautions while building a circuit.
• Protect yourself from burns or shocks for that one should stay away from the output.

Conclusion:

Keep safety in mind during the building process particularly while handling high voltages.

If you lack knowledge with high voltage generating circuits think about consulting an electronic adviser or expert.

Also, always use the proper protective gear and follow for safety procedures.

References:

Design and Construction of 30 kV High Voltage Generator

Marx generator