Need for some small power thing which always grow and mostly when no plug is in wall like in car, trailer or small house.
Making our own DC to AC Simple IC 555 Inverter Circuit is good idea.
It can give power to many home stuff like radio, DVD player, electric shave machine and others.
What is a IC 555 Inverter Circuit:
IC 555 inverter circuit is one circuit that makes wave go up and down using famous IC 555 and this wave help run power inverter.
Power inverter is one device that changes DC power (battery) to AC power like home plug.
IC 555 is easy to use and very flexible so many people use it in their circuits.
This post show how to make inverter using main parts like 555 IC, MOSFETs, transformer and heat sink.
Circuit Working:
Parts List:
| Component Type | Description | Quantity |
|---|---|---|
| Resistors | ||
| 4.7k 1/4 W CFR | 1 | |
| 120k 1/4 W CFR | 1 | |
| 2.7k 1/4 W CFR | 1 | |
| 10k 1/4 W CFR | 1 | |
| 470 ohm 1/4 W CFR | 1 | |
| Capacitors | ||
| PPC 100nF | 2 | |
| Electrolytic 2200μF 25V | 1 | |
| Semiconductors | ||
| Transistor BC547 | 1 | |
| MOSFET IRF540 | 2 | |
| IC 555 | 1 | |
| Transformer 9-0-9V / 5A / 220V | 1 | |
| Battery 12V / 25Ah | 1 |
Frequency Make with 555 IC:
To make stable 50Hz frequency we used famous 555 IC.
Frequency come from resistor Rx and capacitor Cx value.
Formula for frequency is:
f = 1 / 0.693 × (Rx + 2 × R1) × Cx
here,
- f is the wave frequency.
- Rx and R1 control how fast capacitor Cx charge and discharge.
When charge and discharge speed changes frequency also change.
So Cx, Rx and R1 together make timing part for frequency.
MOSFETs and Logic Inverter:
Two N-type MOSFETs work like switches in inverter.
One MOSFET get signal direct from 555 IC and other one get signal from logic inverter with help of BC547 transistor.
MOSFETs give good power switching.
Be sure ground and isolation are done right in full circuit and it is very important.
Transformer Choose:
Pick transformer with two 12V secondary wires.
Transformer must be strong for big load.
Power formula is:
P = V × I
where,
- P is power
- V is voltage
- I is current.
Heatsink Thinks:
Be sure heatsink for power transistor is big enough for the load.
To stop bad grounding put heatsink on isolation pad.
Or we can use different heatsinks for each transistor but they must not touch ground or touch each other.
Power Supply and Frequency Set:
Use strong 12V power between 11V to 14V is okay.
Put good fuse in line with power wire for safety.
If 50Hz is not needed then use high frequency like 100 to 300Hz to save power when not used.
Change frequency by changing Rx and Cx values.
Choose MOSFET:
Pick right MOSFET for our load like:
- Use IRFZ44 for up to 200W load
- Use IRFZ48 for up to 350W load
- Use IRF3205 for up to 600W load
- For more than 600W use many IRF3205 together
- IRF1405 is also a good choice but has very strong specifications.
Make Frequency:
Put 555 IC on breadboard.
Connect Rx and Cx to 555 IC based on what frequency we want.
Use old formula to find right resistor and capacitor for that frequency.
MOSFETs and Logic Inverter:
Put two N-type MOSFETs on breadboard.
Connect one MOSFET direct to 555 IC.
Connect second MOSFET using BC547 transistor like logic inverter.
Be sure ground and isolation is done right and to stop bad signals.
Transformer Wire:
When we connect transformer use both 12V secondary wires.
Pick transformer size based on biggest load we think to use.
Heatsink Setup:
Fix power transistors on heatsink.
Use isolation pad so no grounding happen.
Or use separate heatsink for each transistor and be sure they not touch each other or ground.
Power Supply and Fuse:
Use 12V power that works between 11V to 14V.
Add correct fuse in power line for safety.
Change Frequency and Pick MOSFET:
If needed change Rx and Cx to set new frequency.
Choose MOSFET based on load size like explained before.
Warning:
Be very careful while using inverter as the output voltage is very dangerous.
Input looks safe but touching both output wires can hurt badly.
Even if output is grounded still be safe.
One should take full risk while building or using inverter for that writer is not responsible for any damage.
Always be safe and follow correct steps while working with electricity.
Conclusion:
A simple IC 555 inverter circuit is made good for small power uses, by following steps above and keeping safety rules.
When building always check wires are safe and insulation is good and safety must come first always.