Need for small power things is always growing, mostly when no plug is in wall like in car, trailer or small house.
So making our own DC to AC IC 555 Inverter Circuit is good idea and it easy to build.
Also, it can give power to many home stuff like radio, DVD player, electric shave machine and others.
Circuit Working:
Parts List:
| Components | Values | Quantity |
|---|---|---|
| Resistors (All resistors are 1/4 watt unless specified) | ||
| 4.7k | 1 | |
| 120k | 1 | |
| 2.7k | 1 | |
| 10k | 1 | |
| 470 ohm | 1 | |
| Capacitors | ||
| PPC 100nF | 2 | |
| Electrolytic 2200μF 25V | 1 | |
| Semiconductors | ||
| Transistor BC547 | 1 | |
| MOSFET IRF540 | 2 | |
| IC 555 | 1 | |
| Transformer 9-0-9V / 5A / 220V | 1 | |
| Battery 12V / 25Ah | 1 |
Frequency to Make with 555 IC:
Here, to make stable 50Hz frequency we used famous 555 IC, as frequency come from resistor Rx and capacitor Cx value.
Formula for frequency is:
f = 1 / 0.693 × (Rx + 2 × R1) × Cx
here,
- f is the wave frequency.
- Rx and R1 control how fast capacitor Cx charge and discharge.
Hence, when charge and discharge speed changes frequency also change and so Cx, Rx and R1 together make timing part for frequency.
Transformer Choose:
Pick transformer with two 12V secondary wires, but they must be strong for big load.
Power formula is:
P = V × I
where,
- P is power
- V is voltage
- I is current.
Heatsink Thinks:
First, be sure heatsink for power transistor is big enough for the load and to stop bad grounding put heatsink on isolation pad
We can use different heatsinks for each transistor but they must not touch ground or touch each other.
Power Supply and Frequency Set:
Use strong 12V power between 11V to 14V is okay and put good fuse in line with power wire for safety.
Also, if 50 Hz is not needed, use a higher frequency like 100 to 300 Hz to save power when not in use and also change the frequency by adjusting the Rx and Cx values.
Choose MOSFET:
- Pick right MOSFET for our load like:
- Use IRFZ44 for up to 200W load
- Use IRFZ48 for up to 350W load
- Use IRF3205 for up to 600W load
- For more than 600W use many IRF3205 together
- IRF1405 is also a good choice but has very strong specifications.
Make Frequency:
Put 555 IC on breadboard and connect Rx and Cx to 555 IC based on what frequency we want.
Use old formula to find right resistor and capacitor for that frequency.
MOSFETs and Logic Inverter:
Put two N-type MOSFETs on breadboard and connect one MOSFET direct to 555 IC.
Connect the second MOSFET using a BC547 transistor as a logic inverter and be sure the grounding and isolation are correct to prevent bad signals.
Transformer Wire:
When we connect transformer use both 12V secondary wires and pick transformer size based on biggest load we think to use.
Heatsink Setup:
Also, fix power transistors on heatsink and use isolation pad so no grounding happen or use separate heatsink for each transistor and be sure they not touch each other or ground.
Power Supply and Fuse:
Use 12V power that works between 11V to 14V and add correct fuse in power line for safety.
Warning:
- First, be very careful while using inverter as the output voltage is very dangerous.
- Since, input looks safe but touching both output wires can hurt badly.
- Also, stay safe even if the output is grounded.
- One should take full risk while building or using inverter for that writer is not responsible for any damage.
- Always be safe and follow correct steps while working with electricity.
Conclusion:
To conclude, an IC 555 inverter circuit works well for small power uses and follow the above steps and keep safety rules in mind.
Furthermore, while building always check wires are safe and insulation is good and safety must come first always.