Imagine a tiny switch that can only be “ON” or “OFF”
A flip flop circuit is like that switch, but for electronics.
It can be in one of two states like a 0 or a 1.
This tiny switch is a super important building block for electronics because it can remember things store information and control the order things happen data synchronization and control sequencing.
You will find these little switches in all sorts of electronics from computers to phones.
Circuit Working:
Parts List:
| Category | Item | Quantity |
|---|---|---|
| Resistors | 1k | 1 |
| 10k | 1 | |
| 100k | 1 | |
| Capacitors | Electrolytic 100µF 25V | 1 |
| Semiconductors | IC 4017 | 1 |
| Transistor BC547 | 1 | |
| Diode 1N4007 | 1 | |
| LED Red 5mm 20mA | 1 | |
| Others | Relay 12V | 1 |
| Push button | 1 |
This flip flop circuit utilizes the widely used johnson decade counter IC CD 4017.
When positive pulses are applied by pressing the push button alternately to its clock input pin 14, the pin 4 and pin 2 outputs of the IC sequentially go high provided the reset pin is grounded through the appropriate output pin.
By connecting the reset pin to any of the outputs, the IC latches and the output remains high regardless of the clock pulses.
This flip flop action can be utilized in various relay driver circuits.
In this circuit, the IC CD 4017 is configured in flip flop mode.
The clock inhibit pin is grounded to allow the IC to run freely.
However, the reset pin is connected to the output pin 7 causing the IC to toggle between the pin 4 and pin 2 outputs.
When the push button is pressed, the first output pin 2 goes high as indicated by the red LED, indicating the OFF mode.
When the push button is pressed second time the other output pin 4 goes high turning on T1 and switching to the ON mode.
When T1 conducts, the relay switches on.
The relay can be turned on off by alternately pressing the push button.
Formulas:
You may create a basic flip-flop circuit that toggles its output states using a push button by utilizing the components mentioned in above circuit diagram, including an IC 4017, a decade counter.
Here is how to build a flip-flop circuit with the help of formulas mentioned below:
Base of Transistor Compute Resistor:
To restrict the flow of current into the BC547 transistors base, utilize:
Rbase = Vout−VBE / Ibase
where,
- Vout from the IC output is 12V
- Base emitter voltage drop BE equals 0.7V.
- Desired base current usually around 10mA for switching applications is represented by Ibase.
This setup toggles its outputs with each push of the button, thus acting as a basic flip-flop thanks to the decade counter IC 4017.
How to Build:
To build a simple flip flop circuit you need to follow the connection steps mentioned below:
- Connect Vcc to the positive terminal of the power supply and ground to the negative terminal.
- Connect pin 15 of the CD 4017 to pin 7.
- Connect pin 16 of the CD 4017 directly to positive terminal.
- Connect pin 2 through LED and resistor R1 1k to ground.
- Connect the transistor T1 to the appropriate output of the CD 4017 and to the relay ensuring proper current flow.
- Connect the relay to a power source and the load.
- Connect a push button and a resistor 100k R3 through pin 14.
- Connect a positive leg of C1 100µF to pin 14 and negative leg to ground.
Note:
- This is a basic schematic.
- Additional components and circuitry might be needed for specific applications and to ensure proper functionality and safety.
Conclusion:
Flip flops are used in digital circuits to store binary information synchronize data transfers and control the sequencing of operations.
They are essential components in computers, microcontrollers, and other digital systems.