his post talk about how to make a Simple High Voltage Fence Charger Circuit.
It does not cost much and is safe way to stop wild animals from coming inside and keep our pets stay inside the fence.
It is cheap and easy to fix as it is a so good choice instead of normal fence.
WARNING: Electric fence can kill if anything goes wrong.
Only do this work when adult is there to help.
What is a High Voltage Fence Charger Circuit:
For uses in electric fence a special electric circuit make high voltage pulse.
This circuit is called a high voltage fence charger.
In farm and security uses electric fence help keep animals or thief away.
When they touch fence they get small electric shock.
The high voltage pulse stay only for short time but if it hurt, still its safe.
How to Build:
To make simple high voltage fence charger circuit follow these steps for connection:
- Be sure to connect wires little high from ground before use one or more wire.
- Remove wire from ground to stop it touch by mistake.
- Use normal car ignition coil to make high voltage pulse.
- Use MOSFET transistor with 555 timer circuit to break pulse correctly.
- Put resistor R1 to make pulse repeat about 1.3 times in one second (1.3 Hz).
- Use resistor R2 to change how long transistor stay ON so duty cycle become near 2%.
- Capacitor C1 help control both speed and power of pulse.
- If need more power or speed try strong transistor.
Circuit Working:
Parts List:
| Component | Description | Quantity |
|---|---|---|
| Resistors | All resistors are 1/4 W CFR | |
| 18k | 1 | |
| 1M | 1 | |
| 15Ω | 1 | |
| Capacitors | ||
| PPC 330nF 250V | 1 | |
| Electrolytic 4700µF 16V, 1µF | 1 each | |
| Semiconductors | ||
| Diode 1N4148 | 1 | |
| MOSFET IRF830 | 1 | |
| IC 555 | 1 | |
| Automobile ignition coil | 1 |
Car ignition coil connect to power and circuit make it give high voltage pulse.
555 timer IC work in astable mode it makes square wave again and again.
Resistor R1 and capacitor C1 set how fast pulse come .
If R1 is more then pulse comes slower and C1 change both speed and strength of pulse.
555 timer give output to gate of MOSFET transistor.
Transistor work like switch and when ON high voltage pulse connects from coil to fence wire.
R1, R2 and C1 help to change how strong and how fast the pulse is.
User can change these parts to fit what they need for their fence.
If want more strong electric pulse then use bigger transistor that can take more power.
Formulas and Calculations:
Below is formula with calculation for Simple High Voltage Fence Charger Circuit:
For 555 timer IC in astable mode we can use formula:
- R1 = 1M ohm
- R2 = 18k ohm
- C1 = 1µF
Now we find:
1. Time to Charge (T₁):
T₁ = R1 × C1
T₁ = 1,000,000Ω × 1µF
T₁ = 1 second
2. Time to Discharge (T₂):
T₂ = R2 × C1
T₂ = 18,000Ω × 1µF
T₂ = 0.018 second
3. Frequency (f):
f = 1 / (0.693 × (T₁ + T₂))
f = 1 / (0.693 × 1.018)
f = 0.982 Hz
4. Duty Cycle (D):
D = (T₁ / (T₁ + T₂)) × 100
D = (1 / 1.018) × 100
D = 98.2%
Because R1 is much big than R2 then charging time takes more and so duty cycle is high.
Final Result:
Frequency = 0.982 Hz
Duty Cycle = 98.2%
Safety Precautions:
If made correctly this simple high voltage fence charger give small shock with low current.
It is not too dangerous for people or animals.
Animals stay away after getting painful shock one time.
This circuit can be good and add or replace for normal fence and can give more option.
Disclaimer:
Use this circuit on ones own risk.
Writer does not take any blame if something goes wrong or someone get hurt from electric shock.
When building or using this circuit please be careful and follow all safety rule.
Conclusion:
For High Voltage Fence Charger Circuit always remember size and what we need from electric fence change and how we should build the charger circuit.
Also user must always stay safe when working with this kind of electric device.