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Reverse Car Parking Sensor Circuit using IC LM358

Modern cars must have reverse parking sensors.

These give sound and light signals to help driver avoid crash when going back.

Sensors use infrared or ultrasonic to find objects behind car.

This article for Reverse Car Parking Sensor Circuit using IC LM358 op-amp is to make simple reverse parking sensor circuit.

Circuit is easy and uses basic parts like resistors, presets, LEDs, buzzer and IR pair to find obstacle and alert the driver.

Circuit Working:

Parts List:

ComponentSpecificationQuantity
Resistors (All resistors are 1/4 watt unless specified)10k 1
150Ω1
1k 3
Presets 10k3
Semiconductors
IC LM3582
LED Red 5mm 20mA1
LED Yellow 5mm 20mA1
LED Green 5mm 20mA1
Buzzer1
IR Pair1
Battery 9 Volt1

This parking circuit uses two LM358 ICs to compare voltages.

One IR pair is used to find obstacle.

IR receiver connect to all non-inverting pins of comparators.

Each inverting pin has 10k preset to set reference voltage.

Comparators work in non-inverting mode.

Three LEDs show how near the obstacle is.

Red LED and buzzer connect to IC1 output through 1k resistor

Yellow LED also connect to IC1

Green LED connect to IC2

Whole system is fixed at back of a car and sensor faces obstacle like wall.

When car moves back with more than 15 cm from wall then no LED turns ON.

At 15 cm the green LED turns ON.

At 10 cm the yellow LED turns ON.

And at 5 cm the red LED and buzzer turns ON.

Red light and buzzer mean car must stop now or it may hit the wall.

Formulas:

To make and set reverse car parking sensor circuit we need some formulas.

These formulas help understand how IR sensor and LM358 op-amp work.

1. IR LED Current use ohms law:

ILED​ = ​Vcc​ − VLED​​ / RLED

where,

2. Comparator Threshold Voltage (Vref):

Vref​ = Rpreset/ Rpreset+ Rfixed​​​ × Vcc​

where,

This helps to set when output turns ON.

3. LED Current when op-amp output is high:

ILED ​= Vcc ​− VLED​​ / RLED​

where,

With these formulas we can build and set our car parking sensor easily and correctly.

How to Build:

To build a Reverse Car Parking Sensor Circuit Using IC LM358 below mentioned are the steps to follow:

Conclusion:

This Reverse Car Parking Sensor Circuit using IC LM358 is simple and useful project.

It helps car not hit anything when going back.

It uses IR sensor, op-amp, LEDs and buzzer to give sound and light alerts.

Building this circuit helps us learn how sensors and op-amps work together in electronics.

References:

Parking sensor design with automatic braking

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