You may manage a single bulb from several places with a multi-way lamp switching circuit.
Three-way switches also known as two-way switches, and four-way switches also known as intermediate switches, are the specific switches used to do this.
Switches with three positions are utilized at both extremities of the control locations such as hallway doors.
Traveler 1, Traveler 2 and Common are their three terminals.
Optional four-way switches, also known as intermediate switches are utilized as extra control points in between the two three-way switches.
They only reroute the ‘traveler’ wires and they have two terminals.
Circuit Working:
Parts List:
| Category | Item | Quantity | Power Rating |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resistors | 10k | 3 | 1/4 watt |
| 1k | 1 | 1/4 watt | |
| Capacitors | Ceramic 0.1μF | 2 | – |
| Semiconductors | IC 555 | 1 | – |
| IC 4042 | 1 | – | |
| Transistor BC547 | 1 | – | |
| Diode 1N4007 | 1 | – | |
| Components | 12V Relay | 1 | – |
| Push ON/OFF latching switch | 4 | – | |
| 12V Bulb | 1 | – |
In this article the, circuit presents an original method of multi-way switching.
Simple wires may be used to simply create a multiway switch circuit however, in this case, an IC 4042 is used.
We will use four distinct buttons at four different locations to operate an AC light since this integrated circuit IC may be latching at four outputs when the clock pulse is applied.
It makes use of a single flip flop from a IC 4042 integrated circuit IC in place of conventional switches.
The IC 4042 receives a constant clock signal from an astable 555 IC.
Four conventional output pins (Q0, Q1, Q2, Q3) four inverted output pins (Q0, Q1, Q2, and Q3) and four data input pins (D0, D1, D2, D3) make up the IC 4042.
We just pay attention to data pin D0 and its associated outputs, Q0 and Q0′ in this design.
Upon receiving a specified signal logic from a switch attached to D0 the IC 4042 flips Q0′ to LOW and sets output Q0 to HIGH.
This is followed by the HIGH signal on Q0 turning on a relay module.
This turns on the attached lightbulb or light, which stays on until the switch is disengaged.
The multi-point control is what makes it beautiful.
The light may be turned on by pressing any one of the four switches, which are placed in various places by connecting it to D0.
On the other hand, the light may be turned back off by pulling the same switch that turned it on.
Formulas:
This above circuit schematic and formula is used to make a simple astable multivibrator circuit for multi-way bulb switching using an IC 555:
When employing an IC 555 as an astable multivibrator, the oscillation frequency is determined by:
f = 1.44 / (R1+2×R2) × C1
where,
- The resistors R1 and R2, are measured in ohms (usually 1k and 10k).
- The capacitor denoted as C1 has a farad value of 0.1μF.
Duty Cycle:
The following formula provides the output waveforms duty cycle, or the ratio of the outputs high to total time period:
DutyCycle = R2 / R1+2×R2
With this simple circuit design, a square wave output may be produced, which can be utilized to regulate lamp switching in a multi-way switching system.
To get the appropriate frequency and duty cycle for your application, adjust the values of the resistor and capacitor as necessary.
How to Build:
To build a Basic Circuit for Multi-Way Lamp Switching follow the below mentioned steps for connections:
- Gather all the components mentioned in the above circuit diagram.
- Connect pin 2 of IC1 4042 to base of transistor Q1 through resistor R4.
- Connect pin 4 of IC1 4042 between resistor R3 and 4 way switches.
- Connect pin 5 of IC1 4042 to pin 3 of IC2 555.
- Connect pin 6, pin 7,pin 8, pin 13 an pin 14 of IC1 4042 to ground.
- Connect pin 1 of IC2 555 to ground.
- Connect pin 2 to pin 6 of IC2 555 through capacitor C1.
- Connect pin 3 of IC2 555 to pin 5 of IC1 4042.
- Connect pin 4 and pin 8 of IC2 555 to positive supply of +12V.
- Connect resistor R2 between pin 6 and pin 7 of IC2 555.
- Connect resistor R1 from pin 7 of IC2 555 to positive supply.
- Connect all the 4 switches in parallel, and connect a common end to junction of resistor R3 and pin 4 of IC1 4042, and other end of switches to positive supply.
- Connect 12V relays coil terminals one end to collector of transistor Q1 through diode D1, and other terminals to one end of 12V bulb.
- Connect NO pin of relay and other end of 12V bulb to 220V AC.
Benefits of of using Multi-Way Lamp Switching Circuits:
- Convenience: Manage lighting in a corridor or room from several locations or entrances.
- Safety: To turn on a light at the other end, there is no need to travel across a dark area.
- Ambience: By turning on and off particular bulbs from various switches, you may create various lighting sceneries.
Safety Notes:
- Compared to a basic on/off switch wiring a multi-way switch circuit might be more difficult.
- Speak with a licensed electrician if you are not comfortable doing electrical work.
- Ensure that, using your local electrical codes, you are identifying the power, neutral and traveler wires correctly.
- Before putting the power on, make sure all connections are secure.
Conclusion:
Using relay and a IC 4042 chip, this circuit offers multi-way switching with a contemporary twist.
It makes it convenient to operate a light from several locations by just pushing (not holding) any of the switches.
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