The electrical channel that transforms wind energy into useable home power is known as a 220V wind turbine generator circuit i.e 220V AC.
In our daily living we need electricity, therefore we are all trying to find ways to acquire it for free.
This basic design a tiny wind turbine for household use or minimal power consumption, has a cheap starting cost and produces the most electrical energy for the money.
Circuit Working:
Parts List:
| Category | Item | Quantity | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resistors | 680Ω | 1 | 1/4 watt |
| 330Ω | 1 | 1/4 watt | |
| 20k | 1 | 1/4 watt | |
| 820Ω | 1 | 1/4 watt | |
| 220Ω | 3 | 1/4 watt | |
| Potentiometer | 2k | 1 | |
| Preset | 100k | 1 | |
| Capacitor | Ceramic 0.01μF | 1 | |
| Semiconductors | IC1 LM317 or LM338 | 1 | |
| IC2 4047 | 1 | ||
| MOSFETs IRF540 | 2 | ||
| Bridge Rectifier 1N5402 | 4 | Substitute for 1N4007 in diagram | |
| Rectifier diode IN5402 | 1 | ||
| Diode 1N4007 | 1 | ||
| Switch | ON/OFF Switch | 1 | |
| LED | Green LED 5mm 20mA | 1 | |
| Power Source | Battery 12V 4.5Ah | 1 | |
| Transformer | 9-0-9V 5 Amp 230V | 1 | |
| Other | 12V windmill turbine | 1 |
This little wind turbine circuit and configuration may be used to power a laptop, electrical devices or appliances both at home and away from home.
A 12V wind turbine generator is a small device that can generate alternate energy from the wind.
The energy produced by the wind turbine generator is rectified by a bridge rectifier and controller and a regulator battery charger circuit helps charge a 12V 4.5Ah battery.
A step up inverter circuit then produces high voltage AC that is sufficient to run household appliances.
Choose from a variety of 12V wind turbines or windmills based on your needs since they come in varying wattages.
As we all know, a bridge rectifier transforms an AC source into a DC supply.
In this case, the 1N4007 diode serves as the bridge rectifier element converting wind energy into a DC supply.
This positive voltage regulator the IC1 LM317 adjustable three terminal regulator, has an output voltage range of 1.25V to 37V with a current rating of greater than 1.5 A.
The 12V 4.5Ah battery receives the regulators final output which supplies DC bias to the inverter circuit.
The output voltage Vout of the regulator IC1 LM317 may be produced as below formula:
Vout = 1.25V x [R2 / (R1+1)]
R2 => R2+VR1 for given inverter circuit.
This switching pulse is produced by the monostable astable multivibrator IC2 4047, which operates on low power and is available in a 14 pin dual in line package.
50% duty cycle is given by each output pin.
f = 1 / 8.8RC
here,
R => R4+VR2 and C => C3, this calculation allows us to determine the frequency output at pin 13.
Pins 10 and 11 have a different formula, f = 1/ 4.4RC here,
f: is the measured as resonance frequency in Hertz (Hz), R: is the circuit resistance, expressed in Ohms C: The circuits capacitance, expressed in Farads F, is shown here, 4.4: This constant number includes the pi (π) mathematical constant.
This inverter circuit uses an IRF540 N channel power mosfet from vishay siliconix as its switching drivers.
It features high working temperature characteristics 175ºC and quick switching.
The output stage of a wind turbine generator is its main component.
In this instance, transformer which has specifications of 230V primary 9V-0-9V 1.5A secondary winding center tapped transformer, is utilized in reverse.
A metal oxide varistor or MOV guards linked electrical devices at the output.
The IC1 LM317 positive regulator circuit receives the output voltage from the wind turbine generator directly and adjusts it to provide a 12V output.
A battery is linked to this bias via a rectified diode 1N5402.
The circuit oscillates when the ON/OFF switch is turned on because the IC2 4047 integrated circuit is attached and configured as an astable multivibrator.
The switching power MOSFET IRF540 receives the 50Hz frequency from the pin 10 and pin 11 of the IC2 4047 which powers the secondary winding of the transformer.
Here, the current flows for a certain amount of time rather than for a specific amount of time.
Thus, we obtain changing current output because of the electromagnetic field EMF produced by the primary winding coil and variation in EMF.
The number of windings and switching frequency determine how much the output voltage and frequency fluctuate.
How to Build:
To build a 220V Wind Turbine Generator Circuit follow the below connections steps:
- Gather all the components as mentioned in diagram above:
- Connect the adj pin of IC1 LM317 between resistors R1 and R2, connect out pin of IC1 LM317 to rectified diode 1N5402, connect In pin of IC LM317 to one leg of bridge rectifier.
- Connect pin 1 of IC2 4047 to pin 3 of IC2 4047 through a capacitor C1.
- Connect pin 2 of IC2 4047 to resistor R4 and one leg of preset VR2.
- Connect pin 4, pin 5, pin 6, and pin 14 of IC2 4047 between diode 1N4007 and resistor R7 through resistor R3.
- Connect pin 7, pin 8, pin 9, and pin 12 of IC2 4047 to ground.
- Connect pin 10 of IC2 4047 to gate pin of transistor T2 through resistor R5.
- Connect pin 11 of IC2 4047 to gate pin of transistor T1 through resistor R6.
- Connect transistor T1 gate pin to pin 11 of IC2 4047, connect drain pin of transistor T1 to first wire of the 230V transformer, connect pin source of transistor T1 to ground.
- Connect transistor T2 gate pin to pin 10 of IC2 4047, connect drain pin of transistor T2 to third wire of 230V transformer, connect source pin of transistor T2 to ground.
- Connect ON/OFF switch, diode D2, resistor R7 and a green LED in series to the positive supply of 12V battery.
- Connect bridge rectifier one leg to In pin of IC1 LM317, connect second leg and fourth leg to 12V windmill turbine, third leg to ground.
Safety Notes:
- If electrical work is not done appropriately it can be harmful, especially when working at 220V.
- Investing in a pre fabricated certified wind turbine system ensures dependable and secure functioning.
- Always double check the connections once the circuit is completed.
Conclusion:
To conclude, The wind turbine generator circuit depending on their size and location, wind turbines need different safety precautions.
It is advised to get advice from a certified wind energy or electrician.
References:
The generator sub-circuit with wind turbine & 3-phase bridge rectifier