This 5 Watt LED Driver Circuit (SMPS) tell how to make power supply using wall plug to turn ON bright LEDs.
It is made for white LEDs but also can work with blue, green, red, yellow, even UV light.
What is a 5 Watt LED Driver Circuit:
A 5 watt LED light is powered by 5 watt LED driver circuit and this circuit gives steady current or voltage.
LEDs need right amount of current or voltage to work good and does not get damage, a special LED driver help to keep this balance.
Below is simple diagram showing 5 watt LED driver circuit by using self-oscillating flyback converter which can run LED directly from wall mains power with good efficiency.
Circuit Working:
Parts List:
| Component Type | Description | Quantity |
|---|---|---|
| Resistors | ||
| 10Ω 1W MFR | 1 | |
| 470k 1W MFR | 1 | |
| 330Ω 1/4 W MFR | 1 | |
| 100k 1/4 W MFR | 1 | |
| 47Ω 1/4 W MFR | 1 | |
| Rx = See text | 1 | |
| Capacitors | ||
| PPC 4.7nF 500V | 1 | |
| PPC 2.2nF 50V | 1 | |
| Electrolytic 4.7μF 400V | 2 | |
| Tantalum 4.7μF 16V | 2 | |
| Semiconductors | ||
| Diode 1N4007 | 4 | |
| Diode 1N4148 | 1 | |
| Fast diode BA159 | 1 | |
| Schottky diode 1N5844 | 1 | |
| Diode FR107 | 1 | |
| Transistor KSC5027 | 1 | |
| Transistor BC547 | 1 | |
| LED 5 Watt White | 1 | |
| Transformer (as given in article) | 1 | |
| Filter Inductor (as given in article) | 1 |
The main winding T1 work like power switch in power supply and this power supply work as flyback self-oscillating converter.
For this we use KSC5027 transistor.
Shunt resistor Rx check the LED current in this current mode setup.
Also this extra winding give feedback to system.
How to Calculate Resistor:
We use this formula to find value of Rx:
Rx = 0.65V / I
Here,
- I means needed current for LED.
If we change LED current then brightness can go up or down it can also help LED to live longer.
How to Make Transformer:
Transformer Tr1 is made on EE core and its center part size is 4.5 x 4.5 mm and this core is taken from old ATX PC power supply.
Primary winding has 180 turns of 0.2 mm wire.
Secondary winding has 6 turns of triple 0.5 mm wire.
Winding order is: first half of primary → then secondary → then rest half of primary.
If we want then can also use ready-made transformer for 5V SMPS in that case extra winding is not required.
Adding Voltage Feedback:
If LED break or stops working then power supply should still be safe and so we should add voltage feedback in system.
This help make system more accurate and safe.
Power Supply Frequency:
Power supply work at around 80 kHz and this high frequency make it more efficient for running an LEDs.
How to Build:
How to Make 5 Watt LED Driver Circuit (SMPS) is mentioned below :
- First wind the primary coil with 180 turns of wire which should be 0.2 mm thick.
- Then make the secondary coil with 6 turns using triple 0.5 mm wire.
- Wind first 90 turns of primary and then wind secondary then finish with last 90 turns of primary.
- Put transistor like KSC5027 to act like power switch.
- Find the value of shunt resistor Rx using this formula: Rx = 0.65V / I where, I is current for LED.
- Connect this resistor Rx to check LED current.
- Use Schottky diode as rectifier because it gives better efficiency.
- Put all capacitors and resistors as shown in the circuit diagram.
- Be sure all values are correct and parts are placed the right way.
- Lastly connect the LED at the output and be careful to connect with correct polarity like plus to plus and minus to minus.
Testing:
- Use a variable power supply to slowly increase power to the circuit.
- Watch the LED brightness and check output voltage and current with meter.
Warning:
- This circuit connects directly to high voltage mains of 220V so it is very dangerous and is not good for beginners.
- Capacitors can still hold dangerous voltage even after power is OFF and if LED is not fully isolated from mains.
- So be very careful when touching the parts and do everything at ones own risk.
- The writer is not responsible if anything goes wrong or if there is any damage or injury.
Conclusion:
This 5 Watt LED Driver Circuit (SMPS) use simple parts and run directly from 220V AC.
It gives steady power to LED with good efficiency.
But it connects to high voltage so build only if we have enough knowledge and always be careful.