In this post we have the information on a 220V temperature controller circuit in simpler terms
This is a special circuit that can turn heaters, air conditioners and other things on and off to keep them at a certain temperature.
It works with strong household current 220V.
It uses a sensor to check the temperature like a thermometer.
It also has a brain microcontroller or timer chip that decides if the heater or air conditioner needs to be on or off based on what the sensor reads.
Finally, it has a switch relay or triac that controls the power to the heater or air conditioner.
Circuit Working:
Parts List:
| Type | Value | Quantity | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resistors | 6.8k | 1 | 5W |
| 470k | 1 | ||
| 3.3k | 1 | ||
| 470Ω | 1 | ||
| Preset | 2k | 1 | |
| NTC Thermistor | 5k | 1 | |
| Capacitors | Ceramic | 0.01µF | |
| Electrolytic | |||
| 220µF | 1 | 25V | |
| 10µF | 1 | 25V | |
| Semiconductors | IC | 555 | |
| Triac | BT136 | ||
| Zener diode | 8.2V | 1W | |
| Diode | 1N4007 | ||
| Others | Socket | for load | |
| Fuse | 2A |
You can construct a temperature control circuit using the 555 IC in conjunction with a thermistor resistor divider.
An advantage of this design is that it does not require a precisely regulated power supply.
The resistor divider network comprises adjustable resistor R3, thermistor R4 and R5.
When the thermistor temperature falls below a predetermined value, the voltage at pin 2 of the 555 falls below 1/3 of Vcc.
This triggers the triac controlled heater and initiates the timing cycle.
If the thermistor temperature exceeds the set point before the timing cycle concludes the heater turns off at the cycles end.
Otherwise, the heater remains active.
Different thermistors can be used as long as the equation is satisfied at the desired temperature.
WARNING: Risk of Electric Shock! This circuit is connected to the main 220V line and should only be handled by experts!
Formulas:
The circuit above is a simple temperature controller that uses a triac and a 555 integrated circuit to regulate a 220V AC load.
By adjusting the loads on and off times in response to the temperature detected by the NTC thermistor R4, it is intended to maintain a certain temperature.
Thermistors are essential parts of a 220V temperature controller that sense changes in temperature.
As a result of their temperature dependent resistance, the circuit can react appropriately.
The Equation R3 + R4 = 2 * R5
where,
- R3 preset adjusts the operating temperature of the controller.
- R4 5k NTC thermistor senses the temperature.
- R5 provides a reference voltage for the comparator.
How to Build:
To build a Simple 220V Temperature Controller Circuit you need to follow the below mentioned steps:
Power Supply:
- Use a suitable 220V AC to 12V DC power supply to power the circuit.
- Ensure proper isolation and safety measures.
Assembly:
- Mount the components on a PCB according to the circuit diagram.
- Connect the power supply ensuring correct polarity.
- Use terminal blocks for easy connection of the heater and thermistor.
Adjustment:
- Adjust R3, R4 and R5 to set the desired temperature threshold.
- Ensure the heat sink is properly attached to the triac for heat dissipation.
Testing and Safety:
- Test the circuit with caution, ensuring that the heater responds correctly to temperature changes.
- Use proper insulation and enclosures to prevent electric shock.
- Regularly check and maintain the circuit for optimal performance and safety.
Note:
- Please note that working with 220V AC mains voltage can be dangerous.
- If you are not familiar with working with such voltages seek assistance from someone experienced.
Conclusion:
A 220V temperature controller circuit is a versatile and efficient solution for controlling temperatures in various applications.
By using components such as thermistors, ICs like the 555 and output devices like relays or triacs these circuits can effectively monitor and adjust temperatures to maintain them at desired levels.
Whether used in industrial settings for large scale heating or cooling systems or in household appliances for precise temperature control 220V temperature controller circuits offer a reliable and effective way to manage temperatures with safety and efficiency.